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1 Research background and significance
Cow mastitis is an inflammation that occurs in the mammary gland of cows. The incidence rate of cow mastitis in China is generally 20% - 75%, of which the incidence rate of clinical mastitis is 9.7% - 55.6%, while the incidence rate of subclinical mastitis is as high as 61.03% - 79.62%, which directly brings huge economic losses to China's dairy industry, dairy enterprises and society. In recent years, the number of dairy cows in China has increased year by year, and the scale of cattle farms has gradually expanded. However, most of the methods for the diagnosis of cow mastitis are still based on the original methods of milk bacteria culture, milk somatic cell technology, milk enzyme activity analysis and other traditional methods. The infrared thermal imaging technology used in this system has many advantages, such as non-contact, non-invasive, rapid and continuous imaging, Cow disease diagnosis can be more widely used.
Infrared thermal imaging technology started late in China, and it was still blank before 1976. In 1975, Shanghai took the lead in setting up a research and development cooperation group of medical infrared thermal imager combining scientific research, production and use. The first prototype was successfully trial produced and put into clinical trial in 1976. In 1979, Jiang zongqiao published the first report on the clinical application of domestic thermography, which showed that the development and application of infrared thermography technology in China were basically synchronized with international progress. After that, the application of infrared thermography technology in medicine gradually matured, making an indelible contribution to the medical cause. At present, infrared thermal imagers are mainly used in human clinical medical diagnosis, architecture and chemical equipment defect diagnosis, but there is little research in the application of animal diseases, especially in the diagnosis of cow diseases. The on-line monitoring system of cow mastitis based on infrared thermography introduced in this paper has many advantages over traditional detection methods, such as automation, non-contact, rapid and nondestructive detection, which can detect cow breast health timely and effectively, greatly improve the detection efficiency of cow mastitis, and save labor costs.
2 Working principle
From the perspective of physics, animals are a natural biological infrared radiation source. It constantly radiates infrared radiation energy to the surrounding space. When the local inflammation of animal body or some physiological conditions change, this whole body or local heat balance is destroyed or affected, so it shows the increase or decrease of tissue temperature in clinic. Therefore, using infrared thermal imaging technology to measure the abnormal changes in the temperature of animal body surface can become a reference for diagnosing cow related diseases, and also provide a theoretical basis for the design of this system. Through research and combined with the experiments of foreign scientists, Zhang Xian and others concluded that the application of infrared camera has the advantages of simplicity, non-invasive, no radiation damage, and the computer storage of thermogram is convenient for repeated review and comparison. Through thermogram, the status of clinical diseases of dairy cows can be accurately diagnosed.
Based on infrared thermography technology, this system has completely constructed an on-line real-time monitoring system of cow mastitis based on infrared thermography. The specific design principle is as follows: firstly, the temperature and humidity sensor is used to detect the temperature and humidity of the cowshed environment; The ultrasonic distance measurement system is used to automatically capture the opportunity of taking photos, and the infrared camera is started through the single-chip microcomputer control system to automatically take photos of the mammary glands of passing cows. The captured images are transmitted to the upper computer detection system through the transmission device, and the collected infrared images are processed. The cow breast is divided into four areas through relevant software, and the temperature of each area and the average temperature are calculated respectively. Finally, the incidence index of cow mastitis is calculated by combining the average temperature with the ambient temperature and humidity. The index is compared with the normal physiological constant of cows by establishing a certain linear model or chart, so as to obtain the corresponding judgment basis, and monitor the cow mastitis disease in real time. When the index is abnormal, the alarm system connected to the single chip microcomputer will automatically send an alarm, so as to give a timely, timely and accurate judgment, It saves time for the discovery and treatment of cow mastitis disease.
3 System design
4 Experimental results and data analysis
Previous studies have shown that the temperature of the left and right breasts of normal cows is symmetrically distributed. When the temperature difference between the left and right breasts exceeds 1.5 ℃, it can be preliminarily judged that the breast on the side with increased temperature has suffered from latent mastitis. Based on this, the detection system sets the system threshold to 1.5 ℃. Through the field detection in the dairy farm, it is verified that the system operates normally and can alarm. The milk of alarm cows was extracted and compared by somatic cell count (SCC). The experimental results showed that 75.6% of the alarm cows did suffer from invisible mastitis.
Through the above experiments, it can be proved that the detection accuracy of this system for cow hidden mastitis is about 75.6%, and it has a certain early warning effect on cow hidden mastitis. Through experimental analysis, it is found that the main factors causing the decline of detection accuracy are as follows: due to individual variation, the changes of breast skin temperature of dairy cows are quite different, which mainly comes from the variety of dairy cows, parity, lactation period and other factors. Therefore, the threshold temperature of dairy cow mastitis alarm in this system is different, which should be adjusted according to the actual situation of the dairy farm. To improve the accuracy of system detection.
5 Conclusion
As the most common disease of dairy cows, cow mastitis greatly reduces the milk production and quality of dairy cows. The existing detection methods for cow mastitis are generally cumbersome, and the detection cycle is long. Generally, it is necessary to propose milk samples, and the detection equipment is relatively expensive. Based on infrared thermal imaging technology, this system can not only solve the above problems, but also realize the real-time detection of cow breasts, so as to find them as soon as possible, Early treatment can reduce the labor intensity of workers, which has a good market prospect. The structure is simple and practical, which has high practical significance and market promotion value.
